Liver transplantation following hepatic artery avulsion in a trauma patient.

BACKGROUND: Hepatic artery avulsion following politrauma is an extremely rare condition with a very high mortality rate. Management is based on damage control surgery given the precarious situation of these patients. Ligating the artery is one option under such circumstances, despite potential consequences including ischemic cholangiopathy (IC). Ischemic cholangiopathy, which can be caused by an insufficient blood supply to the bile duct, generally results in stricture and recurrent cholangitis, and the need for a liver transplant in extreme cases. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 37-year-old male with multiple traumas after falling from the third floor of a building. He was hemodynamically unstable upon arrival at the emergencies department, with no improvement on administration of aggressive fluid therapy. A Echo-FAST exam evidenced fluid in all quadrants, so the patient was transferred to the operating room where a 4-litre hemoperitoneum secondary to total avulsion of the proper hepatic artery was observed. The patient required massive transfusion and vasoactive drugs, with instability throughout the intervention; therefore, we decided to ligate the proper hepatic artery. Hepatic dysfunction and diffuse IC with multiple episodes of recurrent cholangitis were observed during the postoperative period. Given the irreversible clinical picture, we opted for a liver transplant 70 days after the patient's initial admission. The patient died on Day 34 post-transplant due to irreversible ischemic brain damage and a right occipital hemorrhage. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatic artery avulsion due to trauma is very rare and its management very complex, and in certain situations the artery must be ligated. The main consequence of ligating the hepatic artery is IC, which is more frequently observed secondary to iatrogenic lesions or systemic diseases, while very few cases have been published in which IC is secondary to hepatic artery avulsion caused by hepatic trauma. Treatment depends on the extent of ischemia, and when the damage is diffuse, as in our case, it may involve a liver transplant.

Pancreatitis enfisematosa de evolucion fulminante / Emphysematous pancreatitis. Fulminant course

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Diverticulitis of the appendix as debut of appendicular cystadenoma and carcinoid tumor.

Appendiceal diverticulosis is a rare condition with a frequency of 0.004% to 2.1%, and is sometimes an occasional finding during anatomopathologic study of the surgical specimen. It may be presented acutely as a right lower quadrant pain, similar to acute appendicitis for which differential diagnosis must be carried out, and it is associated with appendicular tumors. We report a case of diverticulitis of the appendix as debut of appendicular cystadenoma and carcinoid tumor with representative iconography, being unusual the association of both diseases and even more its preoperative diagnosis.

Debut de cistoadenoma apendicular y tumor carcinoide como diverticulitis del apéndice cecal

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